Are We Tripping? The Mirage of AI Hallucinations

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A photograph of mirages in a desert under a hazy light blue sky showing some distant outcroppings reflected in what looks like water beyond a sandy foreground.

Photo credit: “Mirage” by bobrayner, here cropped, is licensed via CC BY.

There is a deep disorder in the discourse of generative artificial intelligence, aka AI — or what I like to call sparkling intelligence, because everyone is using ✨✨✨ emojis and icons to signify AI. All joking aside, the disorder in AI discourse is the way everyone keeps talking about hallucinations when AI makes mistakes, leading us to anthropomorphize AI and imagine that AI both experiences reality and sometimes loses it. Anyone who knows how AI really works knows that’s wrong.

What Is AIn Author?

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A cartoon of a mouse or rat, smoking and drinking, sitting at desk with a typewriter.

Photo credit: “#018 - Author” by Jasper M is licensed via CC BY 2.0.

Reading Eryk Salvaggio’s 12 Jan 2025 post “Data Prior to Language: If the author is dead, why isn’t the LLM?” I was immediately drawn into this compelling exploration of the current context of synthetic meaning making with what I like to call ✨ “sparkling intelligence” ✨ in relation to the ideas surrounding Roland Barthes’ influential … Read more

The Mirage of AI Hallucinations

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A photograph of mirages in a desert under a hazy sky showing some distant outcroppings reflected in what looks like water beyond a rocky foreground.

Photo credit: “Mirages in the Sahara Desert” by Meg Gilbert is licensed via CC BY-SA.

On 9 July 2024, I gave a talk to the Portland, Oregon Product Tank based on my collaboration with Anna Mills on the terminology and metaphors we use to describe artificial intelligence (AI) outputs when they don’t match our expectations of shared reality. You can view the slides from the presentation and coming soon, a … Read more

Jupyter BOAT

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Detail of medieval illustrated manuscript marginalia of four rats holding oars in an open wooden boat resting on some water on top of page ornamentation with an image of the planet Jupiter in the sky.

Collage of "Hubble Spies Spooky Shadow on Jupiter's Giant Eye (color)" by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, licensed via CC BY 2.0 and a detail of marginalia of rats in a boat from Pontifical of Guillaume Durand, page 162, circa 1367 from Ms. 143 in the collection of the Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève, which has no known copyright and considered to be in the public domain.

You may have seen the publication of BOAT, the bulk open attribution tool, that used a spreadsheet to enable you to generate open attribution/licensing statements for any collection of works. I’m now releasing another version of BOAT, that does exactly the same thing, but using a computational notebook instead of a spreadsheet to generate well-formed open attribution/licensing statements from a list of basic information about a collection of works.

Bulk Open Attribution Tool (BOAT) 1.0 (now 1.4)

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Detail of medieval illustrated manuscript marginalia of four rats holding oars in an open wooden boat resting on water on top of some page ornamentation.

Detail of marginalia of rats in a boat from Pontifical of Guillaume Durand, page 162, circa 1367 from Ms. 143 in the collection of the Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève, which has no known copyright and considered to be in the public domain.

When you are sharing your own creations openly or looking to credit other open works properly and want to create good licensing or attribution statements, what if you have more than one work that you want to create license or attribution statements for? I offer BOAT as an example spreadsheet that anyone can copy and modify to turn their own list of open works into well-structured license/attribution statements.

Putting the “Umph” in AI’s Triumph of Theory

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A tidal seascape of dark forks stuck in the sand with distant clouds.

Tidal Forks by Nate Angell generated using DALL-E with the prompt "a sea of forks being bent by tidal flows in the style of Dalí", shared via CC BY 4.0.

“In a just world, every article about GPT-4 would nod toward Barthes and Foucault.” — Ted Underwood, The Empirical Triumph of Theory I’m late to the party, I know, but I recently became aware of Ted Underwood and his truly awesome work. I couldn’t resist reading when I saw his post The Empirical Triumph of … Read more